The former player: 'I wanted to continue my rugby career'
Important note: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive comments and behaviour
Ex-England centre Luther Burrell says that going public to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union led his career to an premature conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "widespread" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "comments" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I wanted to carry on playing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it fell through when news came out that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough evidence to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has given considerable focus on inclusion and diversity in the sport and a substantial amount of work completed both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and revealed his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are continuing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to work for a culture of acceptance but recognize this takes time and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has in-person education on creating welcoming environments, with its success tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from damaging conduct.
"You be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"I know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our eyes, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the filming of the film, and his sibling passed away earlier this year.
Burrell, who was raised on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and help them succeed both on the pitch with complimentary sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the sport and if nobody else is prepared to share their story then I'll continue to fight that cause because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"We have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it hopefully the more comfortable fellow players will feel about discussing their own experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the opportunity and continue bearing this flag and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I honestly believe that rugby has the ability to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to previous team Northampton in late 2022